MONDAY AFTERNOON, 12 MARCH 2001

Session D40. Poster Session I.

Monday afternoon, 14:00, Exhibit Hall, Washington State Convention Center

D40.001 Complex Structured Materials
D40.002 Interpreting the Raman spectra of GeSe-I network glasses: Suzanne Collin, Koblar Jackson (Dept. of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859)
D40.003 Probing Nanoscale Cooperativity at the Glass Transition: Koneswaran Sinnathamby, Nathan Israeloff (Department of Physics,Northeastern University), Ezequiel Vidal Russell (Instituto Balseiro,Bariloche,Argentina)
D40.004 The Equations of State for Metal Nanocluster by a New Constant-Pressure Molecular Dynamics Simulation: D. Y. Sun (Institute of Solid State Physics, Academia Sinica, 230031-Hefei, P. R. China), X. G. Gong (Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Solid State Physics, Academia Sinica, 230031-Hefei, P. R. China)
D40.005 First-principles Investigations of the Structures and Hyperfine Properties of Na _7, K_7, Cu_7 and Ag_7 Clusters: Sudha Srinivas (Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859)
D40.006 A tight-binding/density functional search for the structures of Ge clusters: Nandini Ghosh, Koblar Jackson (Dept. of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859), Zoltan Hajnal, Thomas Frauenheim (Theoretische Physik, Universität/GH Paderborn, D33095 Paderborn, Germany)
D40.007 Friction force microscopy investigation of nanostructured carbon films: Renato Buzio, Enrico Gnecco, Corrado Boragno, Ugo Valbusa (INFM-UdR Genova, CFSBT-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Genova, Italy)
D40.008 Measurement of Fullerene Polarizabilities: Keith Bonin, Adam Ballard (Wake Forest University)
D40.009 Persistent Currents in One-dimensonal Thue-Morse Rings: Yu Li, R. W. Peng, G. J. Jin, An Hu (National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)
D40.010 Multiscaling in Inelastic Collisions: Eli Ben-Naim (Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory), Paul L. Krapivsky (Department of Physics, Boston University)
D40.011 Shape-Dependence of Ordering for Granular Materials in Two Dimensions: Ivan Rankenburg, Rena Zieve (University of California, Davis)
D40.012 Effect of Substrate Friction in a Two-Dimensional Granular Couette Shearing Cell: Chris Templeman, Shila Garg (Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH)
D40.013 Rotational dynamics of a driven two dimensional granular array: Paul Nakroshis, Christian Smith (university of southern maine)
D40.014 The Role of Local Icosahedral Symmetry in the Compaction of Granular Beds: G. Martinez (University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1560), G.K. Thompson (Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond KY 40475), D. Starr, J.A. Markiel (University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1580), G.T. Seidler (University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1560)
D40.015 Surfaces, Interfaces and Thin Films I
D40.016 Ordered alloy films of Ni and Mn grown on Ni(111)/W(110): David Venus, Mark A.J. Allen (McMaster University)
D40.017 Durability of Polymeric Coatings: UV-Irradiation: Ying Li, Renwu Zhang, Renwu Zhang, Chia-Ming Huang, Junjie Zhang, Peter Mallon (University of Missouri-Kansas City), R. Suzuki (Electrotechnical Labs, Tsukuba, Japan), Y.Y. Huang, T.C. Sandreczki (University of Missouri-Kansas City), Q. Peng, J.R. Richardson (University of Missouri-Columbia), T. Ohdaira (Electrotechnical Labs., Tsukuba, Japan), Y.C. Jean (University of Missouri-Kansas City)
D40.018 Preparation of Various TiO2 Buffer Layers for YBa2Cu3O7 Thin Films: Kaung-Hsiung Wu, Po-Iem Lin, Chich-Chang Hsieh, Jenh-Yih Juang, Tseng-Ming Uen, Yih-Shung Gou (Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.), Jiunn-Yuan Lin (Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.)
D40.019 Characterisation of Pt and PtSi thin films at 3.39 \mu m using a low temperature prism coupler: Shane O'Prey, Paul Dawson (Queen's University Belfast, UK)
D40.020 Theoretical Investigation of Ge adsorption on H/Si(001) surface: Jun Nara, Takahisa Ohno (National Research Institute for Metals)
D40.021 Dynamics of electron confined to random dendritic structures: W. Schwalm, M. Schwalm (Univ. of North Dakota)
D40.022 Investigation of Surface Structure and Dynamics of H_2, p-H_2, HD and D_2 Molecules Absorbed on in situ Cleaved MgO(001) by Helium Atom Scattering: J. G. Skofronick (Florida State University), J. P. Toennies, F. Traeger (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Stroemungsforschung), H. Weiss (Universitaet Magdeburg)
D40.023 X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectra at the Nitrogen K-Edge in Dilute GaNxAs1-x: Anders Ballestad, Sebastien Tixier, Martin Adamcyk, Tom Tiedje (AMPEL, U. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC), Tony Van Buuren (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Ca, USA), Y Hu (Dept of Chemistry, U. of Western Ontario, London, Ont.), A Moewes (Dept of Physics, U. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.)
D40.024 Structural and Magnetic Ordering of the Interface of Fe/Tb Multilayers: ATAUR CHOWDHURY (University of Alaska Fairbanks), ANDREA FREITAG (Brookhaven National Laboratory)
D40.025 BULK SUPERCONDUCTIVITY OF INDIUM-DOPED TIN-LEAD-TELLURIDES: Mohammed Tahar, Dmitri Popov (Department of Physics, State University of New York, College at Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420)
D40.026 Superconducting and structural properties of pure and Fe-doped YBCO.: Rezaul K. Siddique (Dakota State University)
D40.027 Toulouse strings and off-diagonal disorder in 2D: M. Schwalm, W. Schwalm (Univ. of North Dakota)
D40.028 Critical Dynamics and Diffusion on W(001) Surface: Emma Falck, Tapio Ala-Nissila (Laboratory of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology), Enzo Granato (INPE/LAS, Brazil), See-Chen Ying (Department of Physics, Brown University)
D40.029 The thermal diffusivity of Mn_xCd_1-xTe using the interferometric Mirage effect: Edgar Corona-Organiche, Narcizo Munoz-Aguirre (CICATA-IPN, Mexico), Juan Eduardo Morales-Toro (Universidad de Concepcion, Chile), Carlos Vazquez-Lopez, Orlando Zelaya-Angel (CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico), Elias Lopez-Cruz (IFUAP, Mexico)
D40.030 Surface Acidity by Positronium Spectroscopy: Weifeng Huang (Department of Physics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky 40292), Dinah C. Huang (Sud-Chemie Inc. Louisville, Ky)
D40.031 potential profile on clean and oxygen adsorbed Si(111) surfaces measured with non-contact atomic force microscope: Yukio Hasegawa, Takayuki Suzuki (Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo)
D40.032 A Simple Automated Valve: R.J. Rollefson, F.M. Ellis (Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459)
D40.033 Fluids
D40.034 Collapse Dynamics and Resonance Behavior of Axisymmetric Slender Liquid Bridges: Mesfin Tsige, J. I. D. Alexander, C. Rosenblatt, P. L. Taylor (Case Western Reserve University)
D40.035 Modeling of Small Moving and Reacting Drops: Dhaval Doshi, Anthony Malanoski (The University of New Mexico), Frank van Swol (Sandia National Laboratories and The University of New Mexico)
D40.036 Self-assembly in Surfactant Oligomers: A Coarse Grained Description through Molecular Dynamics: Prabal K. Maiti, Yves Lansac, Matthew A. Glaser, Noel A. Clark (Department of Physics and Ferroelectirc Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center, University of Colorado at Boulder, CO 80309)
D40.037 Optical Properties of Microlenses Containing DNA Fragments: Amy Lytle, Shila Garg (Physics Department, The College of Wooster, Wooster, OH)
D40.038 Statistics of Nematic Ordering in Nanodroplets: T. P. Doerr, D. Herman, H. Mathur, P. L. Taylor (Case Western Reserve University)
D40.039 Dynamics of optical signals in a nematic waveguide: J. Adrian Reyes (Instituto de Fisica UNAM)
D40.040 Multiple light scattering study of the Nematic to Smectic A transition: James McClymer (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Maine), Hayel Shehadeh (Deoartment of Applied Physics, Arab American University- Jenin)
D40.041 Effect of Dynamics Surface Tension on the Motion of Foam Film in Constricted Tube: P. Quoc Nguyen, Pacelli L.J. Zitha, Peter K. Currie (Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands)
D40.042 Diffusion and structure of a quasi-one-dimensional hard-sphere fluid: Binhua Lin, Ji Hwan Lee, Bianxiao Cui (the University of Chicago)
D40.043 Effects of a random pinning potential on the structure and driven dynamics of two-dimensional colloidal crystals.: Alexandros Pertsinidis, X.S. Ling (Brown University)
D40.044 Template-Directed Convective Assembly of Colloidal Crystals: jian Zhang, Subrata Sanyal, Keng-hui Lin (University of Pennsylvania), Arjun G. Yodh
D40.045 Dark soliton creation and interactions in Bose-Einstein condensates: L. D. Carr (Physics Department, Univ. of Washington), J. Brand (Chemistry Department, Univ. of Washington), S. Burger (Institute for Quantum Optics, Univ. of Hannover, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, I.N.F.M.), P. Öhberg, A. Sanpera (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Univ. of Hannover)
D40.046 Wave Chaos and Speckle in Bose Einstein Condensates: Sarah B. McKinney, William P. Reinhardt (University of Washington, Seattle)
D40.047 Flow Response and Density Profile in a Driven System: A Monte Carlo Simulation: Ras Pandey (University of Southern Mississippi), Joe Gettrust (Naval Research Laboratory)
D40.048 Phase Transitions and Strongly Correlated Systems
D40.049 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT Mn K-EDGE NEXAFS STUDY OF La_1-xNa_xMnO_3: Venkatesh Shankar, Sujoy Roy, Naushad Ali (Department of Physics, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL 62901-4401), Syed Khalid (National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Labs,Upton, NY), Syed Khalid Collaboration
D40.050 On the Interdependence of Disorder, Localization and the Lanczos Method: Wolfram Arnold (University of Oregon)
D40.051 A problem of solid state: "Relation between structure and electrical properties of different ferroelectric ceramic systems": Martinez Eduardo (3. Centro de Investigaci�n Cient�fica y Educaci�n Superior de Ensenada, CICESE, Ensenada, B.C., M�xico, 22800.), Fundora Abel, Amorin Harvey, Garcia Santiago, Portelles Jorge (1. Facultad de F�sica-IMRE, Universidad de la Habana, Vedado, La Habana 10400, Cuba.), Siqueiros Jesus (2. Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada, UNAM, Ensenada, B.C., M�xico, 22800.), Ferroelectrics Material Group Collaboration, Applied Physics Group Team, Optical Properties Group in CCMC Team
D40.052 Piezoelectric and Ferromagnetic Properties of PMN-PFN Ferroelectromagnetic Ceramics: Jorge Portelles (Facultad de F�sica, Universidad de La Habana, CUBA), Jes�s M. Siqueiros (Centro de Ciencias de la Materia Condensada, UNAM, MEXICO), Reynaldo Font (Facultad de F�sica, Universidad de La Habana, CUBA)
D40.053 Simulation of phase transitions in RbNO_3: Jianjun liu, M. M. Ossowski, J. R. Hardy (Department of Physics and Center for Electro-Optics,University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0111), Chun-gang Duan, W. M. Mei (Department of Physics,University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska 68182-0266)
D40.054 Kinetics of phase transformations in FCC alloys with L1_2 and L1_0 type orderings: V.G. Vaks, I.R. Pankratov, V.Yu. Dobretsov, G.D. Samolyuk (Russian Research Center - Kurchatov Institute), K.D. Belashchenko (Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA)
D40.055 Combined Raman and Dielectric Study of Structural Phase Transitions in BaZr_xTi-1-xO_3 ceramics: Pramod Dobal, Anju Dixit, Ram Katiyar (University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931), Yu Zhi, Ruyan Guo, Amar Bhalla (Material Research Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802)
D40.056 Roughness influence on surface melting: Fray Castillo-Alvarado (ESFM-IPN, Edif. 9 UP ALM, Zacatenco, Mexico DF 07738, Mexico), Jerzy Rutkowski, Leszek Wojtczak (Department of Solid State Physics, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153 90-236 Lodz Poland), ESFM-IPN Team, University of Lodz Collaboration
D40.057 Complete solution of dynamical system associated with Ashkin-Teller lattice model: B. Moritz, W. Schwalm, M. Schwalm (Univ. of North Dakota)
D40.058 Spin Gap and Spin-Spin Correlations in 2, 3 Leg t-U-J Ladders in the Presence of Magnetic Impurities: Sanjay Sood (Member of American Physical Society)
D40.059 HIGH-MAGNETIC-FIELD AND NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDIES ON STRONGLY-CORRELATED-ELECTRON SYSTEMS UNDER MULTI-EXTREME CONDITIONS: Heinz Nakotte (New Mexico State University, Las Cruces NM 88003)
D40.060 Specific Heat of Antiferromagnetic/Superconducting CeRhIn_5: Effect of Pressure and Magnetic Field: F. Bouquet, R. A. Fisher, N. E. Phillips (LBNL and UC Berkeley), M. F. Hundley, P. G. Pagliuso, J. L. Sarrao, Z. Fisk, J. D. Thompson (LANL)
D40.061 Polymers I
D40.062 A study of Exciton relax process in a polymeric molecule: Xi-juan Zhang (Dept. Phys., Yangzhou Univ., China.), Zheng-ming Shao (Yangzhou Skilled Workers' School, China.)
D40.063 ESR and PAS Studies of Photo-Degradation of a Polyurethane Coating: Y. He, J.-P. Yuan, H. Cao, R. Zhang, Y.C. Jean, T.C. Sandreczki (Dept. of Chemistry, U. of Missouri--KC, Kansas City, MO 64110)
D40.064 Energy dispersive electron beam irradiation of vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer [P(VDF-TrFE)]: E. Balizer (Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, West Bethesda, MD), A. DeReggi (Polymers Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD), F. Bateman (Ionizing Radiation Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD)
D40.065 Properties of Polymer-Infiltrated Carbon Foams: W. A. Adams, T. J. Bunning, B. L. Farmer, K. M. Kearns, D. A. Anderson, A. K. Roy (Air Force Research Lab), T. Banerjee, H. G. Jeon (Systran Federal Corp.)
D40.066 Crystallization in Multi-layered Crystalline Block Copolymer Thin Films: Sheng Hong, William J. MacKnight, Thomas Russell, Samuel P. Gido (University of Massachusetts, Amherst)
D40.067 In-situ X-ray studies of Molecular Orientation Enhancement in Polyhedral Oligomeric silsesquioxanes(POSS)/iPP nanocomposites: L Yang, R.H Somani, B.X Fu, L Liu, B.S Hsiao (Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at StonyBrook,NY-11794), S.H Phillips, P Ruth, R Blansky (USAF,Res Lab, Prop Directorate, Edwards AFB,CA-93524)
D40.068 Effect of supercooling on crystalline morphology in blends of syndiotactic polypropylene and poly(octene-ethylene) copolymer: Wirunya Keawwattana, Thein Kyu (Institute of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron OH 44325)
D40.069 Morphological Evolution of Semi-crystalline Poly(ethylene terephthalate) During Large Scale Simple Shear Deformation: Zhiyong Xia, Hung-Jue Sue (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Aamp;M University, College Station, TX 77843-3123)
D40.070 OBSERVATIONS OF A FLATTENED HELICAL BACKBONE CONFORMATION IN REGULARLY TWISTED POLY(m-PHENYLENE DIISOPHTHALAMIDE) (MPDI) FIBERS: Christian Kuebel (Philips Research Laboratory), Dan Lawrence (Flint Ink), David Martin (The University of Michigan), Materials Science and Engineering Collaboration
D40.071 Crystallization of Polyethylene and its Octene Copolymers over a Wide Range of Supercoolings: John Wagner, Samir Abu Iqyas, Anita DiMeska, Paul Phillips (University of Tennessee)
D40.072 Analysis of Displacement Fields Near Dislocation Cores in Ordered Polymers: David Martin, Lawrence Drummy (Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan), Ingrid Voigt-Martin (Institute for Physical Chemistry, University of Mainz)
D40.073 Influence of Neutralization Method and Cation on the Morphology of Styrenic Ionomers: Karen I. Winey, Brian P. Kirkmeyer (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania)
D40.074 From Aliphatic Polyurethanes to Linear Polyethylene: Influence of Hydrogen Bonding on the Thermal and Morphological Features of Semi-Crystalline Polymers: Robin McKiernan, Jacques Penelle, Samuel Gido (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003-4530)
D40.075 Application of Parallel Tempering to Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Polymer Chains with Strongly Attracting End-Groups: Michael Johnson, Oleksiy Byutner, Grant Smith (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112)
D40.076 Morphology development upon melting of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene formed at high pressure by Ultra SAXS and DSC: Zhigang Wang (CHEM DEPT, SUNYSB), Xuehui Wang (CHEM DPET, SUNYSB), Norbert Stribeck (Univ. Hamburg), Benjamin S. Hsiao* (CHEM DEPT, SUNYSB), Charles C. Han (Polymer Division, NIST), SUNYSB Collaboration, Univ of Hamburg Collaboration, NIST Collaboration
D40.077 Polymer Melting and SAXS: A Modeling Study: Buckley Crist (Northwestern University)
D40.078 Confining Polymer Crystallization in One, Two, and Three Dimensions: Y.-L. Loo, R.A. Register (Princeton University), A.J. Ryan (University of Sheffield)
D40.079 A Major Intermediate Component in Drawn High-Density Polyethylene Identified by Solid-State NMR: DANIEL MOWERY (Polym. Sci. amp; Eng. Dept., UMass. Amherst), KLAUS SCHMIDT-ROHR (Dept. of Chem., Iowa State Univ. Ames)
D40.080 Structure of the Molten Stereo-regular Polyolefins with Different Side Chain Size from X-ray Diffraction and PRISM Theory: Man-Ho Kim, Anton Habenschuss (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), John G. Curro (Sandia National Laboratories)
D40.081 In-situ Structural Studies during PBO Fiber Spinning by Synchrotron WAXD/SAXS: Shaofeng Ran, Christian Burger, Dufei Fang, Xinhua Zong, Sharon Cruz, Benjamin Hsiao, Benjamin Chu (Dept.of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook), Robert Bubeck (Michigan Molecular Institute), Kazuyuki Yabuki, Yoshihiko Teramoto (Toyobo Co. Ltd, Research Center, Japan), David Martin, Michael Johnson (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan), Philip Cunniff (Department of the Army, Natick Research, Development amp; Engineering Center), Michigan Molecular Institute Collaboration, Toyobo Co. Ltd Collaboration, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Collaboration, Department of the Army Collaboration
D40.082 Caged Polymer Crystallization in Perforated Layers*: L. Zhu, P. Huang, B.H. Calhoun, S.Z.D. Cheng, Q. Ge, R.P. Quirk (Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909), E.L. Thomas (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139), B.S. Hsiao, F. Yeh, L. Liu (Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400), B. Lotz (Institute Charles Sadron, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg 67083, France)
D40.083 Effect of Preparation Conditions on Microphase Separation in Poly(urethane urea) Block Copolymers.: James T. Garrett, James Runt (Penn State University), J.S. Lin (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
D40.084 Crystallization and Structure Formation of Polyethylene oxide Fractions and Their Blends: J.D. Cho, J. Runt (Penn State University), F. Yeh, B. Hsiao (SUNY Stony Brook)
D40.085 Morphology of Crystalline Block Copolymers: Sheng Hong, Lizhang Yang, William J. MacKnight, Samuel P. Gido (University of Massachusetts, Amherst)
D40.086 Twin-like Superstructure in a Ferroelectric LC Polyester: Christopher li, Stephen Cheng, John zhang, Frank Harris (The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909), Liang-Chy chien (Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44010-0001), Bernard Lotz (Institute Charles Sadron, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg 67083)
D40.087 Crystal Structure of a Model Spider Silk Peptide: Shujun Chen, Samuel Gido (University of Massachusetts, Amherst), Regina Valluzzi, David Kaplan (Tufts University), Tufts University Collaboration
D40.088 Mass Transport within Block Copolymers: The Relationship with Morphology and Grain Structure: Kenneth S. Laverdure, Samuel P. Gido (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts-Amherst), Bruce Garetz (Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University), Nitash Balsara (Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Berkeley)
D40.089 Side Chain Liquid Crystalline Poly(silylenemethylene)s: Soo-Young Park, B. L. Farmer (Air Force Research Lab), Tao Zhang, L. V. Interrante (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)
D40.090 Characterization of elastomers by micellar formation at a Lower Critical Solution Temperature: Geneviève Delmas (Universite du Québecà Montréal), Fabrice Gouanvè, Maryline Seguin, Zohra Ferhat
D40.091 Computational and Experimentally Obtained Crystal Modulus of Silk: Anuchai Sinsawat, S. Putthanarat (The University of Akron, OH 44325-3909), Y. Magoshi (Dept. of Insect Technology, Japan), R. Pachter (AFRL/MLPJ, WPAFB, OH 45433-7702), R. K. Eby (The University of Akron, OH 44325-3909)
D40.092 Aspects of the Morphology of Silk Fibroin Membranes: S. Putthanarat (Inst. of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909), S. Zarkoob (GE Company, Mt. Vernon, IN 47620-9364), J. Magoshi (National Inst. of Agrobiological Resources, Tsukuba, Japan 305-8602), J.A. Chen (Zhejiang Sichou Inst. of Tech., Hangzhou, China 31003), M. Stone (AFRL/MLPJ, WPAFB, OH 45433-7702), R.K. Eby (Inst. of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3909)
D40.093 AFM Studies of Fracture Surfaces Of Composition B Energetic Materials: Y. D. Lanzerotti (U. S. Army TACOM-ARDEC)
D40.094 Light Extinction Spectra of Crazes in Polymers: Tom Krupenkin (Bell Labs, Lucent Tech., USA)
D40.095 Synchronized stress-PALS test on a series of polyester copolymer glasses: Lei Li, Albert F. Yee (Macromolecular Science and Engineeing Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109)
D40.096 Effect of Thermal History on the Deformation and Fracture of a Semicrystalline-Glassy Block Copolymer*: C. Y. Ryu, J. Ruokolainen, G. H. Fredrickson, E. J. Kramer (UCSB), S. F. Hahn (Dow Chemical Co.), S. Magonov (Digital Instruments)
D40.097 Light Scattering as a Tool to Study Cavitation in Rubber-Toughened Polymers: Sebastien GEHANT, David J. PINE, Edward J. KRAMER (UCSB)
D40.098 Dynamic Shear Modulus of Polymers from Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Oleksiy Byutner (Department of Chemical and Fuels Engineering, University of Utah), Grant Smith (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah)
D40.099 CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC TEXTURE EVOLUTION IN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE DURING UNIAXIAL TENSION: Dongsheng Li, Hamid Garmestani (Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310), Surya Kalidindi (bDepartment of Materials Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104), Rufina Alamo (Department of Chemical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310)
D40.100 Probing polymer networks using pulse propagation and Brillouin light scattering measurements: Moitreyee Sinha, H. E. Jackson, J. E. Mark, T. H. Ridgway (University of Cincinnati), B. Erman (Sabanci University, Turkey), D. Walton (McMaster University, Canada)
D40.101 Contribution of edge recoiling of diffusion to anomalous transient photo-currents in amorphous materials: Abraham Picos-Vega, Mufei Xiao (CCMC-UNAM)
D40.102 Dielectric Normal Mode Relaxation of Polyisoprene-Polybutadiene Diblock Copolymers: Osamu Urakawa, Masaatsu Kido, Keiichiro Adachi (Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan)
D40.103 Conformational Order and Chain Dynamics in Molten Poly(n-alkyl methacrylates) Revealed by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Michael Wind, Robert Graf, Lothar Brombacher (Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany), Andreas Heuer (University of Muenster, Institute for Physical Chemistry, Germany), Werner Steffen, Hans Wolfgang Spiess (Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany)
D40.104 Characterization of Distributive Mixing in Polymer Processing Equipment: Winston Wang, Ica Manas-Zloczower (Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106), Miron Kaufman (Department of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44105)
D40.105 Separation of polymeric topoisomers in a microchannel device: a Monte Carlo study: Frederic Tessier, Gary W. Slater (University of Ottawa)
D40.106 Stress Relaxation of Model Polymer Networks with Pendant Chains: Daniel A. Vega (Department of Chemical Engineering. Princeton University. Princeton, NJ 08544), Marcelo A. Villar, Enrique M. Valles (Planta Piloto de Ingenieria Quimica. C.C. 717 (8000)-Bahia Blanca-Argentina)
D40.107 Strength of Reaction Runaway in Free Radical Polymerization: Competition between Diffusion-Controlled and Chemically-Controlled Reactions: Brian P. Chekal, Mehdi Emrani, John M. Torkelson (Northwestern University)
D40.108 An Exact Solution to the First-Passage Time in Low-Functionality Star Polymer Melts: Daniel A. Vega, John M. Sebastian, William B. Russel, Richard A. Register (Princeton University)
D40.109 Flow Studies of Highly Filled Fluids in Small Gaps: John Emerson, Kerry Lamppa, Christopher Sorensen (Sandia National Laboratories)
D40.110 Glass Transition near Polymeric Surfaces Studied by Positron Annihilation: Junjie Zhang, Renwu Zhang, Ying Li, Chia-Ming Huang, Yichu Wu, Peter Mallon (University of Missouri-Kansas City), R. Suzuki (Electrotechnical Labs, Tsukuba, Japan), Y.Y. Huang, T.C. Sandreczki (University of Missouri-Kansas City), Q. Peng, J.R. Richardson (University of Missouri-Columbia), T. Ohdaira (Electrotechnical Labs., Tsukuba, Japan), Y.C. Jean (University of Missouri-Kansas City)
D40.111 Characterizing nanoscopic heterogeneity in polymers near Tg: simulation and single-molecule spectroscopy: Jason C. Quirin, John M. Torkelson (Northwestern Univ.), Andrew P. Bartko, Robert M. Dickson (Georgia Tech.)
D40.112 Glass Transition Temperature for PMMA from Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Mesfin Tsige, P. L. Taylor (Case Western Reserve University)
D40.113 FT-IR studies of Hydrogen Bonding in a Blend containing an N-methylated Liquid Crystalline Polyurethane: Sriram Viswanathan, Mark Dadmun (Dept. of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996)
D40.114 Splat: A non-equilibrium morphology of PPE-epoxy blends: Emmanuel Girard-Reydet, Jean-Pierre Pascault (LMM, INSA Lyon, France), Hugh Brown (University of Wollongong, Australia)
D40.115 Ordered Multilayers Obtained by Electrostatic Self-Assembly.: X. Arys, K. Glinel, A.M. Jonas, R. Legras (Department of Materials Science, Universite catholique de Louvain), P. Fisher, A. Laschewsky (Department of Chemistry, Universite catholique de Louvain.)
D40.116 Self-assembled nanostructures of amide containing dendrimers in lyotropic and thermotropic conditions: Hyun Hoon Song, Hae-Jin Jeon, Tai-Yon Cho (Dept. of Polymer Sci. amp; Engr., Hannam Univ., Daejon, S. Korea), Kyung Taek Kim, Chulhee Kim (Dept. of Polymer Sci. amp; Engr., Inha Univ., Inchon, S. Korea)
D40.117 Electrospinning from Molten Polymers in Vacuum: Ratthapol Rangkupan, Darrell H. Reneker (Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron)
D40.118 Flat, Branched and Split Electrospun Fibers: Sureeporn Koombhongse, Darrell H. Reneker (The University of Akron)
D40.119 Controlling phase and alignment in thin films of block copolymer templated mesostructured metal oxides: Ryan C. Hayward, Peter Alberius-Henning, Karen L. Frindell, Galen D. Stucky, Bradley F. Chmelka, Glenn H. Fredrickson, Edward J. Kramer (University of California, Santa Barbara)
D40.120 Solvent Effect on ABA and ABABA Block Copolymer Morphology: Lei Qiao, Karen Winey (Department of Materials Science, University of Pennsylvania)
D40.121 Nanoscopic Posts via Block Copolymer Templates: Dong-Ha Kim, Ho-Cheol Kim, Christopher Stafford, Mark Tuominen, Xinqiao Jia, Thomas McCarthy, Thomas Russell (University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003)
D40.122 Fabrication of Rod-Coil Nanocomposites via Emulsion Technique: Gregory Rossi, Gregory Beaucage (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH. 45221), Richard Vaia, Thuy Dang (Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, WPAFB, OH. 45433)
D40.123 Unimolecular amphipolar nanocylinders via a "grafting from" process using a ATRP: Guanglou Cheng, Axel Mueller (Universitaet Bayreuth - Makromolekulare Chemie II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany), Alexander Boeker, Georg Krausch (Universitaet Bayreuth - Physikalische Chemie II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany)
D40.124 Synthesis and Aggregation Behavior of Janus micelles: Rainer Erhardt, Alexander Boeker, Volker Abetz, Axel Mueller (Univeritaet Bayreuth - Makromolekulare Chemie II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany), H�kon Kaya, Wim Pyckhout-Hintzen (Institute of Condensed Matter Research - Research Center J�lich - Germany), Heiko Zettl, Georg Krausch (Universitaet Bayreuth - Physikalische Chemie II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany)
D40.125 The Orientation of Cylindical Microdomain in polystyrene-block-poly(n-butyl methacrylate) thin film.: Jin Kon Kim, Irene Tsai, Thomas P. Russell (Polymer Science and Engineering Department, U. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003), C.J. Hawker (IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95720)
D40.126 Side-chain Effect on the Properties of Oxadiazole-containing PPVs: Hanpeng Dong, Subramanian Vaidyanathan, Mary Galvin (Department of Materials Science amp; Enigineering, Univ. of Delaware)
D40.127 Scanning Electroluminescence Microscopy and Combinatorial Characterization of OLEDs: Helmut H�nsel, Heiko Zettl, Armin Knoll, Georg Krausch (Universit�t Bayreuth - Physikalische Chemie II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany), Stefan Berlep, Anton M�ckl, Wolfgang Br�tting (Universit�t Bayreuth - Experimentalphysik II - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany), Christoph Schmitz, Mukundat Thelakkat, Hans-Werner Schmidt (Universit�t Bayreuth - Makromolekulare Chemie I - 95440 Bayreuth - Germany)
D40.128 Observations of phase deformation of monomeric systems in electric fields and subsequent polymerization: Nikolaos Bentenitis, Sonja Krause (Chemistry Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy NY 12180)
D40.129 Electronic Structure Calculations of Two-Photon Absorbing Materials: A Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Study: Paul N. Day, Kiet A. Nguyen, Ruth Pachter (Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials amp; Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7702)
D40.130 Stress-induced birefringence associated with latent image development in UV-photopatterned chemically amplified polymeric resists: Jan Preusser, Bogdan Dragnea, Laurie McDonough, Jodi M. Szarko, Stephen R. Leone (JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Boulder CO 80309-0440, USA), Wolfgang Schade (Institut fuer Physik und Physikalische Technologien, Technische Universitaet Clausthal, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany), William D. Hinsberg (IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose CA 95120-6099, USA)
D40.131 Two-Dimensional, Optical Ellipsometric Studies of Polymer Orientation: Georgi Georgiev (Tufts University, Physics Department, Medford, MA 02155), David Berns (MIT, Physiscs Department, Cambridge, MA 02139), Peggy Cebe (Tufts University, Physics Department, Medford, MA 02155)
D40.132 Morphology of immiscible polymer blends made by polymerizing one component in an electric field: Jing Li, Sonja Krause (Department of Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180)
D40.133 Photoluminescence characteristics of phenylated siloxanes: Udo C. Pernisz, Michael W. Backer (Dow Corning Corporation, Midland MI 48686)
D40.134 Self-assembled Block Copolymers as Two-Dimensional Photonic Band Gap Materials: Cinti X Chen, Christian C Honeker, Edwin L Thomas (MIT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering Team
D40.135 Orientational phase transitions in block copolymer melts under shear flow: Alexander Morozov (University of Groningen/Leiden), Hans Fraaije (University of Leiden)
D40.136 Gyroid Single Crystal Diffraction: L. Yang, S. Hong, S. P. Gido (University of Massachusetts at Amherst), D. Uhrig, J. W. Mays (University of Alabama at Birmingham)
D40.137 Four-Colour Mesoscale Morphologies in External Fields: Hans Fraaije, Agur Sevink, Andrei Zvelindovsky (University of Leiden)
D40.138 Temperature-Induced Solid-Solid Phase Transitons of HMX and TATB*: Cheng K. Saw, Joseph Zaug, Daniel Farber (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)
09:36 D40.139 Brownian Dynamics Investigations of Dendrimer Structures.: Peter Sheridan (Polymer IRC, University of Leeds), Alexey Lyulin (Eindhoven University of Technology), David Adolf, Geoff Davies (Polymer IRC, University of Leeds)
D40.140 AN NPT MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF THE RESPONSE OF THE LOCAL SEGMENTAL DYNAMICS OF MELT POLYETHYLENE TO PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE.: Stewart Hotston, David Adolf (Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Leeds University, Leeds, UK), Kostas Karatasos (Universite Libre Des Bruxelles, Unite de physique de Polymeres, Brussels, Belgium)
D40.141 Semiconductors I: Growth and Structure
D40.142 Measurements of the Relative Backscattering Yields of Positrons and Electrons from GaAs (100), Ge (100), Si(100): Wu-chi Chen (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington), Shannon Starnes, Alex Weiss (Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington)
D40.143 Heating Effect on Silicon Containing Magnesium and Oxygen: L. T. HO (Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC)
D40.144 Growth and Characterization of Fe Doped InSb Films: B. C. Crooker, R. Cruickshank, R. Diaz (Dept. of Physics, Fordham Univ.), T. M. Pekarek (Dept. of Natural Sciences, Univ. of N. Florida)
D40.145 Structural study of a commensurate phase at Co/Si(111) interface using in-situ surface x-ray scattering: T.S. Kang, J.H. Je (Synchrotron X-ray Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering,), H.J. Kim, D.Y. Noh (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Center for Electronic Materials Research, Kwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Kwangju, Korea), N.D. Kim, J.W. Chung (Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea), Synchrotron X-ray Laboratory Collaboration, Center for Electronic Materials Research Collaboration, Surface and nanomaterials research Collaboration
D40.146 Synthesis and properties of CuInS_2-based magnetic semiconductors: Naohito Tsujii, Yasutaka Imanaka, Tadashi Takamasu, Hideaki Kitazawa, Giyuu Kido (National Research Institute for Metals, Japan), National Research Institute for Metals Collaboration
D40.147 Step Meandering Induced by Ce Silide Formation on Si(111): Dohyun Lee, Hangil Lee, Sung-Soo Bae, Sehun Kim (Department of Chemistry and School of Molecular Science (BK21) at KAIST), Chanyong Hwang (Nano-Characterization Group, Material Evaluation Center at KRISS), Department of Chemistry and School of Molecular Science (BK21) at KAIST Team, Nano-Characterization Group Collaboration
D40.148 Deposition of Nickel and Rhenium onto 6H-SiC and 3C-SiC: D.R. Wiff, W.V. Lampert, C.J. Eiting, G.Y. McDaniel (Air Force Materials amp; Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/MLPS, Wright-Patterson, AFB, OH 45433-7707), K.M. Glassford (1804 N. Naper Blvd, Suite 424, Naperville, IL 60563)
D40.149 A Lattice Approach to Elastic Energy, Equations, and Boundary Conditions: Russel Caflisch, Cameron Connell (UCLA)
D40.150 Pascal's Triangle and its related high-tec: El�as L�pez-Cruz (Instituto de F�sica de la BUAP, Ap. J-48, Puebla 72570, Pue. M�xico)
D40.151 THE NATURE OF THE PRE-SURFACE LOW-OHMED LAYER: Bahodir Rasulev (research associate, Tashkent technical University), Abduvohid Kasimov (Prof., Ph.D., Tashkent technical University), Mahmud Isaev (Ph.D., Institute of electronics AS RUz), Theoretical and experimental physics Team
D40.152 Electronic band structure of defect chalcopyrites: Xiaoshu Jiang, Walter R. L. Lambrecht (Case Western Reserve University)
D40.153 Electronic structure of magnetic ternary alkali metal manganese hydrides: Emilio Orgaz (Departamento de F�sica y Qu�mica Te�rica, FQ-UNAM, Mexico)
D40.154 Self-Consistent Calculation for the Interface Between the Semiconductor and Vacuum: Chin-Sheng Wu (Division of General Study, Yuan-Ze University, Taiwan)
D40.155 Non-equilibrium phase transition of an electron gas: M.A. Rodriguez-Meza (Instituto de Fisica, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla)
D40.156 Artificially Structured Materials
D40.157 Conductivity with the higher order approximation: X.H. Zeng, Qiao Bi, X.L. Xu (Complexity Science Center, Yangzhou Univ., 225002 China)
D40.158 Stacked Billiards: Examining the Effect of Soft-wall Potential Profile on Fractal Conductance Fluctuations: A.P. Micolich, R.P. Taylor (Materials Science Institute, Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1274), R. Newbury, A. Ehlert, H. Linke (School of Physics, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia), A.G. Davies, L.D. Macks, W.R. Tribe, E.H. Linfield, D.A. Ritchie (Semiconductor Physics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK), T.M. Fromhold (School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)
D40.159 The Evolution of Fractal Patterns during a Classical-Quantum Transition: R.P. Taylor, A.P Micolich (Materials Science Institute, Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1274), J.P. Bird (Center for Solid State Research, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6206), R. Newbury (School of Physics, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia), T.M. Fromhold (School of Physics and Astronomy, Nottingham University, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK), A. Ehlert, H. Linke (School of Physics, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia), A.G. Davies, L.D. Macks, W.R. Tribe, E.H. Linfield, D.A. Ritchie (Semiconductor Physics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK)
D40.160 Interacting electrons in parabolic quantum dots: Michael Schreiber (Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany), Jens Siewert (DMFCI, University of Catania, Italy), Thomas Vojta (Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Germany)
D40.161 Collective Oscillations of Quantum Wires in a Bounded Semiconductor: Yüksel Ayaz, Norman J. M. Horing (Stevens Institute of Technology), Vassilios Fessatidis, Jay D. Mancini (Fordham University)
D40.162 Paramagnetic and Optical Properties of Organic Capped ZnO Nanocrystals: Moonsub Shim (James Franck Institute, University of Chicago), Martin Jaeger, Jr. Norris (Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago), Philippe Guyot-Sionnest (James Franck Institute, University of Chicago)
D40.163 Magneto-transport in InAs/AlGaSb open quantum dot structures: TOSHIHIKO MAEMOTO, TETSUJI KOBAYASHI, YOJI KITAMURA, MORITOMO KARASAKI, TOSHIHIRO KITA, SHIGEHIKO SASA, MASATAKA INOUE (Osaka Institute of Technology), KOJI ISHIBASHI, YOSHINOBU AOYAGI (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN))
D40.164 Two-electron states for a cylindrical quantum dot: R.M.G. Garcia-Castelan, Eugenio Ley-Koo (IFUNAM)
D40.165 Crystalline structure of sulfur nanowires.: Eliel Carvajal (Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, UNAM), Patricia Santiago (Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Mexico), Doroteo Mendoza (Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-360, Mexico D.F. 04510, MEXICO)
D40.166 Vertical and Lateral Manipulation of Adatom on Surfaces: Chandana Ghosh, Abdelkader Kara, Talat S. Rahman (Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506)
D40.167 Polystyrene Containing Self-Assembled Nanoribbons: Leiming Li, John Stendahl, Eugene Zoubarev (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208), Eli Sone (Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208), Martin Pralle (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208), Samuel Stupp (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Medical School, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208)
D40.168 Nonlinear oscillations in a semiconductor superlattice under intensive terahertz irradiation: Yuriy Romanov, Julia Romanova (Institute for Physics of Microstructures RAS, 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia), Lev Mourokh (Physics Department, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA), Norman Horing (Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA)
D40.169 Formation of electric field domains in a one-dimensional superlattice: Lev Mourokh (Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210-2889 and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030), Anatoly Smirnov (D-Wave Systems Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030), Norman Horing (Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030)
D40.170 Wave Packet Dynamics in a Superlattice: Vadim Puller (Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030), Lev Mourokh (Physics Department, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210 and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030), Anatoly Smirnov (D-Wave Systems Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada and Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030), Norman Horing (Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030)
D40.171 Image Potential States - A Probe of the Surface and Electronic Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers: B. K. Clark (Department of Physics, Illinois State University), B. W. Gregory, J. M. Standard (Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University)
D40.172 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Carbon Tetrachloride Adsorption and Degradation on a Natural a-Fe2O3(0001) Surface in Ultrahigh Vacuum: Kwang Taeg Rim, Jeffrey Fitts, Kaveh Adib, Nicholas Camillone III, Peter Schlosser, Richard Osgood Jr., George Flynn (EMSI, Columbia University), Stephen Joyce (EMSL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)
D40.173 Cylinder Microdomain Orientation of polystyrene-block-poly(n-butyl methacrylate) thin film: Jin Kon Kim (Polymer Science and Engineering Department, U. Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003), Irene Tsai, T.P. Russell (Polymer Science and Engineering Department, U. Massachusetts), C.J. Hawker (IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95720)